Multiple Roles of Curcumin Attenuate High Fat Diet- Induced Kidney Cortex Derangement

¹Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria, Egypt

²Histochemistry and Cell Biology Department, Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria, Egypt

^*Corresponding Author

Safia M Hassan

Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University

165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria

Egypt

Tel: +203 4282331, +203 4282373

Fax: +203 4283719

Email: dr_safiahassan@yahoo.com

Abstract

The urgency to develop renoprotective strategies sets the eyes in compounds as curcumin which prevents high fat diet-induced lipid accumulation and improves lipid profile in clinical studies. The present work aims to investigate the effect of curcumin on experimental nonalcoholic pattern kidney disease via histopathological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. Sixty Wister male rats weighing approximately 100 -120 grams were divided into 4 groups. Group I: 10 rats were served as control group and group II: 50 rats were received high fat diet for 12 weeks. Post histopathological confirmation of fatty kidney, this second group was subdivided into the following groups: Group III: 20 rats were injected intraperitoneally (I.P) with 1 ml/kg body weight dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) day after day for 8 weeks. Group IV: 20 rats were injected I.P with 50 mg/kg body weight curcumin dissolved in DMSO, day after day for 8 weeks. The rest 10 rats in group II were sacrificed after 12 weeks from the beginning of experiment .Our histopathological results showed that renal structures of rats fed a high fat diet for 12 weeks had a dilatation in blood vessels and Bowman's space, mono nuclear cell infiltration, degeneration in nephrons and tubular defects. On the other hand rats treated with curcumin had nearly normal morphology of the kidney. Histochemical & immunohistochemical results showed decreased catalase (CAT) activity (96.08 ± 2.74) and decreased nuclear factor-kappa B (122.82 ± 5.44), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (128.23 ± 2.37) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (75.97 ± 6.29) in fatty rats improved after using curcumin (124.55 ± 18.82), (135.69 ± 6.39), (156.23 ± 4.94) and (95.39 ± 4.21) respectively. In conclusion, curcumin attenuates high fat diet induced kidney cortex derangement.

Keywords: High fat diet, kidney cortex, curcumin, catalase, NF-kB, eNOS, and iNOS.

Download the full article (PDF)