Influence of Period of Diagnosis on Microalbuminuria and Myoglobin level among HIV-1 Infected Adults in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

¹ Medical Laboratory Science Department, Atiba University, Oyo

² Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Osogbo, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State

^*Corresponding Author

Temitope Daniel Adeleke

Medical Laboratory Science Department,

Atiba University, Oyo

Nigeria

Email:adelekedaniel01@gmail.com

Tel:+2348146521938

Abstract

Background: The introduction of anti-retroviral drugs in the treatment of individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1infection has improved the lifespan of infected subjects. Chronic Kidney disease is increasingly reported in such individuals.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if associations exist between some markers of renal function with duration of diagnosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 infected Nigeria subjects whether or not on Antiretroviral Therapy.

Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty subjects (50 Human Immunodeficiency Virus negative, 50 positive treatment naïve and 50 subjects on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy) were enrolled in the study. Plasma creatinine, urea, uric acid, myoglobin and microalbuminuria were assayed using spectrophotometric and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic data of subjects.

Results: A positive correlation was observed between microalbuminuria (r=0.341;p<0.05) and myoglobin (r=0.319; p<0.05) with duration (years) of diagnosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 positive treatment naïve subjects. No such association existed in subjects on Antiretroviral Therapy treated subjects. A positive correlation was also observed between creatinine and Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) count (r = 0.333, p<0.05), myoglobin and Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) count(r=0.030, p<0.05) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive subjects on Antiretroviral Therapy.

Conclusion: The levels of microalbuminuria and myoglobin increased with duration of infection in treatment naïve Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 positive subjects. However, treatment with Antiretroviral Therapy may have restored back the loss of renal function from the initial damage caused by the viral infection.

Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1, Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, Microalbuminuria, Myoglobin

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